3.1.28 \(\int \sqrt {1+\coth ^2(x)} \, dx\) [28]

Optimal. Leaf size=31 \[ -\sinh ^{-1}(\coth (x))+\sqrt {2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \coth (x)}{\sqrt {1+\coth ^2(x)}}\right ) \]

[Out]

-arcsinh(coth(x))+arctanh(coth(x)*2^(1/2)/(1+coth(x)^2)^(1/2))*2^(1/2)

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Rubi [A]
time = 0.02, antiderivative size = 31, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 10, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.500, Rules used = {3742, 399, 221, 385, 212} \begin {gather*} \sqrt {2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \coth (x)}{\sqrt {\coth ^2(x)+1}}\right )-\sinh ^{-1}(\coth (x)) \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[Sqrt[1 + Coth[x]^2],x]

[Out]

-ArcSinh[Coth[x]] + Sqrt[2]*ArcTanh[(Sqrt[2]*Coth[x])/Sqrt[1 + Coth[x]^2]]

Rule 212

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]))*ArcTanh[Rt[-b, 2]*(x/Rt[a, 2])], x]
/; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])

Rule 221

Int[1/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2], x_Symbol] :> Simp[ArcSinh[Rt[b, 2]*(x/Sqrt[a])]/Rt[b, 2], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b},
x] && GtQ[a, 0] && PosQ[b]

Rule 385

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_)/((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^(n_)), x_Symbol] :> Subst[Int[1/(c - (b*c - a*d)*x^n), x]
, x, x/(a + b*x^n)^(1/n)] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && EqQ[n*p + 1, 0] && IntegerQ[n]

Rule 399

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^(n_))^(p_)/((c_) + (d_.)*(x_)^(n_)), x_Symbol] :> Dist[b/d, Int[(a + b*x^n)^(p - 1), x]
, x] - Dist[(b*c - a*d)/d, Int[(a + b*x^n)^(p - 1)/(c + d*x^n), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, p}, x] && NeQ[b*c
- a*d, 0] && EqQ[n*(p - 1) + 1, 0] && IntegerQ[n]

Rule 3742

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*((c_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(n_))^(p_), x_Symbol] :> With[{ff = FreeFactors[Tan[e + f*x]
, x]}, Dist[c*(ff/f), Subst[Int[(a + b*(ff*x)^n)^p/(c^2 + ff^2*x^2), x], x, c*(Tan[e + f*x]/ff)], x]] /; FreeQ
[{a, b, c, e, f, n, p}, x] && (IntegersQ[n, p] || IGtQ[p, 0] || EqQ[n^2, 4] || EqQ[n^2, 16])

Rubi steps

\begin {align*} \int \sqrt {1+\coth ^2(x)} \, dx &=\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\sqrt {1+x^2}}{1-x^2} \, dx,x,\coth (x)\right )\\ &=2 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (1-x^2\right ) \sqrt {1+x^2}} \, dx,x,\coth (x)\right )-\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {1+x^2}} \, dx,x,\coth (x)\right )\\ &=-\sinh ^{-1}(\coth (x))+2 \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{1-2 x^2} \, dx,x,\frac {\coth (x)}{\sqrt {1+\coth ^2(x)}}\right )\\ &=-\sinh ^{-1}(\coth (x))+\sqrt {2} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \coth (x)}{\sqrt {1+\coth ^2(x)}}\right )\\ \end {align*}

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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.05, size = 60, normalized size = 1.94 \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {1+\coth ^2(x)} \left (-\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\cosh (x)}{\sqrt {\cosh (2 x)}}\right )+\sqrt {2} \log \left (\sqrt {2} \cosh (x)+\sqrt {\cosh (2 x)}\right )\right ) \sinh (x)}{\sqrt {\cosh (2 x)}} \end {gather*}

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[Sqrt[1 + Coth[x]^2],x]

[Out]

(Sqrt[1 + Coth[x]^2]*(-ArcTanh[Cosh[x]/Sqrt[Cosh[2*x]]] + Sqrt[2]*Log[Sqrt[2]*Cosh[x] + Sqrt[Cosh[2*x]]])*Sinh
[x])/Sqrt[Cosh[2*x]]

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Maple [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(96\) vs. \(2(25)=50\).
time = 0.95, size = 97, normalized size = 3.13

method	result	size
derivativedivides	\(\frac {\sqrt {\left (1+\coth \left (x \right )\right )^{2}-2 \coth \left (x \right )}}{2}-\arcsinh \left (\coth \left (x \right )\right )-\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \arctanh \left (\frac {\left (2-2 \coth \left (x \right )\right ) \sqrt {2}}{4 \sqrt {\left (1+\coth \left (x \right )\right )^{2}-2 \coth \left (x \right )}}\right )}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {\left (\coth \left (x \right )-1\right )^{2}+2 \coth \left (x \right )}}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \arctanh \left (\frac {\left (2+2 \coth \left (x \right )\right ) \sqrt {2}}{4 \sqrt {\left (\coth \left (x \right )-1\right )^{2}+2 \coth \left (x \right )}}\right )}{2}\)	\(97\)
default	\(\frac {\sqrt {\left (1+\coth \left (x \right )\right )^{2}-2 \coth \left (x \right )}}{2}-\arcsinh \left (\coth \left (x \right )\right )-\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \arctanh \left (\frac {\left (2-2 \coth \left (x \right )\right ) \sqrt {2}}{4 \sqrt {\left (1+\coth \left (x \right )\right )^{2}-2 \coth \left (x \right )}}\right )}{2}-\frac {\sqrt {\left (\coth \left (x \right )-1\right )^{2}+2 \coth \left (x \right )}}{2}+\frac {\sqrt {2}\, \arctanh \left (\frac {\left (2+2 \coth \left (x \right )\right ) \sqrt {2}}{4 \sqrt {\left (\coth \left (x \right )-1\right )^{2}+2 \coth \left (x \right )}}\right )}{2}\)	\(97\)

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int((1+coth(x)^2)^(1/2),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)

[Out]

1/2*((1+coth(x))^2-2*coth(x))^(1/2)-arcsinh(coth(x))-1/2*2^(1/2)*arctanh(1/4*(2-2*coth(x))*2^(1/2)/((1+coth(x)
)^2-2*coth(x))^(1/2))-1/2*((coth(x)-1)^2+2*coth(x))^(1/2)+1/2*2^(1/2)*arctanh(1/4*(2+2*coth(x))*2^(1/2)/((coth
(x)-1)^2+2*coth(x))^(1/2))

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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((1+coth(x)^2)^(1/2),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

integrate(sqrt(coth(x)^2 + 1), x)

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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 683 vs. \(2 (25) = 50\).
time = 0.36, size = 683, normalized size = 22.03 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \log \left (\frac {2 \, {\left (\cosh \left (x\right )^{8} + 8 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right )^{7} + \sinh \left (x\right )^{8} + {\left (28 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 3\right )} \sinh \left (x\right )^{6} + 3 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{6} + 2 \, {\left (28 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{3} + 9 \, \cosh \left (x\right )\right )} \sinh \left (x\right )^{5} + 5 \, {\left (14 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{4} + 9 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 1\right )} \sinh \left (x\right )^{4} + 5 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{4} + 4 \, {\left (14 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{5} + 15 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{3} + 5 \, \cosh \left (x\right )\right )} \sinh \left (x\right )^{3} + {\left (28 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{6} + 45 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{4} + 30 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 4\right )} \sinh \left (x\right )^{2} + 4 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \, {\left (4 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{7} + 9 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{5} + 10 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{3} + 4 \, \cosh \left (x\right )\right )} \sinh \left (x\right ) + {\left (\sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )^{6} + 6 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right )^{5} + \sqrt {2} \sinh \left (x\right )^{6} + 3 \, {\left (5 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + \sqrt {2}\right )} \sinh \left (x\right )^{4} + 3 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )^{4} + 4 \, {\left (5 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )^{3} + 3 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )\right )} \sinh \left (x\right )^{3} + {\left (15 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )^{4} + 18 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt {2}\right )} \sinh \left (x\right )^{2} + 4 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \, {\left (3 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )^{5} + 6 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )^{3} + 4 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )\right )} \sinh \left (x\right ) + 4 \, \sqrt {2}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2}}{\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} - 2 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right ) + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2}}} + 4\right )}}{\cosh \left (x\right )^{6} + 6 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{5} \sinh \left (x\right ) + 15 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{4} \sinh \left (x\right )^{2} + 20 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{3} \sinh \left (x\right )^{3} + 15 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{2} \sinh \left (x\right )^{4} + 6 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right )^{5} + \sinh \left (x\right )^{6}}\right ) + \frac {1}{4} \, \sqrt {2} \log \left (-\frac {2 \, {\left (\cosh \left (x\right )^{4} + 4 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right )^{3} + \sinh \left (x\right )^{4} + {\left (6 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{2} - 1\right )} \sinh \left (x\right )^{2} - \cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \, {\left (2 \, \cosh \left (x\right )^{3} - \cosh \left (x\right )\right )} \sinh \left (x\right ) + {\left (\sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {2} \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right ) + \sqrt {2} \sinh \left (x\right )^{2} - \sqrt {2}\right )} \sqrt {\frac {\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2}}{\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} - 2 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right ) + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2}}} + 1\right )}}{\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right ) + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2}}\right ) - \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (\frac {\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right ) + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \, \sqrt {\frac {\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2}}{\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} - 2 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right ) + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2}}} + 1}{\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right ) + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2}}\right ) + \frac {1}{2} \, \log \left (\frac {\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right ) + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2} - 2 \, \sqrt {\frac {\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2}}{\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} - 2 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right ) + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2}}} + 1}{\cosh \left (x\right )^{2} + 2 \, \cosh \left (x\right ) \sinh \left (x\right ) + \sinh \left (x\right )^{2}}\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((1+coth(x)^2)^(1/2),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

1/4*sqrt(2)*log(2*(cosh(x)^8 + 8*cosh(x)*sinh(x)^7 + sinh(x)^8 + (28*cosh(x)^2 + 3)*sinh(x)^6 + 3*cosh(x)^6 +
2*(28*cosh(x)^3 + 9*cosh(x))*sinh(x)^5 + 5*(14*cosh(x)^4 + 9*cosh(x)^2 + 1)*sinh(x)^4 + 5*cosh(x)^4 + 4*(14*co
sh(x)^5 + 15*cosh(x)^3 + 5*cosh(x))*sinh(x)^3 + (28*cosh(x)^6 + 45*cosh(x)^4 + 30*cosh(x)^2 + 4)*sinh(x)^2 + 4
*cosh(x)^2 + 2*(4*cosh(x)^7 + 9*cosh(x)^5 + 10*cosh(x)^3 + 4*cosh(x))*sinh(x) + (sqrt(2)*cosh(x)^6 + 6*sqrt(2)
*cosh(x)*sinh(x)^5 + sqrt(2)*sinh(x)^6 + 3*(5*sqrt(2)*cosh(x)^2 + sqrt(2))*sinh(x)^4 + 3*sqrt(2)*cosh(x)^4 + 4
*(5*sqrt(2)*cosh(x)^3 + 3*sqrt(2)*cosh(x))*sinh(x)^3 + (15*sqrt(2)*cosh(x)^4 + 18*sqrt(2)*cosh(x)^2 + 4*sqrt(2
))*sinh(x)^2 + 4*sqrt(2)*cosh(x)^2 + 2*(3*sqrt(2)*cosh(x)^5 + 6*sqrt(2)*cosh(x)^3 + 4*sqrt(2)*cosh(x))*sinh(x)
+ 4*sqrt(2))*sqrt((cosh(x)^2 + sinh(x)^2)/(cosh(x)^2 - 2*cosh(x)*sinh(x) + sinh(x)^2)) + 4)/(cosh(x)^6 + 6*co
sh(x)^5*sinh(x) + 15*cosh(x)^4*sinh(x)^2 + 20*cosh(x)^3*sinh(x)^3 + 15*cosh(x)^2*sinh(x)^4 + 6*cosh(x)*sinh(x)
^5 + sinh(x)^6)) + 1/4*sqrt(2)*log(-2*(cosh(x)^4 + 4*cosh(x)*sinh(x)^3 + sinh(x)^4 + (6*cosh(x)^2 - 1)*sinh(x)
^2 - cosh(x)^2 + 2*(2*cosh(x)^3 - cosh(x))*sinh(x) + (sqrt(2)*cosh(x)^2 + 2*sqrt(2)*cosh(x)*sinh(x) + sqrt(2)*
sinh(x)^2 - sqrt(2))*sqrt((cosh(x)^2 + sinh(x)^2)/(cosh(x)^2 - 2*cosh(x)*sinh(x) + sinh(x)^2)) + 1)/(cosh(x)^2
+ 2*cosh(x)*sinh(x) + sinh(x)^2)) - 1/2*log((cosh(x)^2 + 2*cosh(x)*sinh(x) + sinh(x)^2 + 2*sqrt((cosh(x)^2 +
sinh(x)^2)/(cosh(x)^2 - 2*cosh(x)*sinh(x) + sinh(x)^2)) + 1)/(cosh(x)^2 + 2*cosh(x)*sinh(x) + sinh(x)^2)) + 1/
2*log((cosh(x)^2 + 2*cosh(x)*sinh(x) + sinh(x)^2 - 2*sqrt((cosh(x)^2 + sinh(x)^2)/(cosh(x)^2 - 2*cosh(x)*sinh(
x) + sinh(x)^2)) + 1)/(cosh(x)^2 + 2*cosh(x)*sinh(x) + sinh(x)^2))

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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \sqrt {\coth ^{2}{\left (x \right )} + 1}\, dx \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((1+coth(x)**2)**(1/2),x)

[Out]

Integral(sqrt(coth(x)**2 + 1), x)

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Giac [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 119 vs. \(2 (25) = 50\).
time = 0.40, size = 119, normalized size = 3.84 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {2} {\left (\sqrt {2} \log \left (\frac {{\left | -2 \, \sqrt {2} + 2 \, \sqrt {e^{\left (4 \, x\right )} + 1} - 2 \, e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} + 2 \right |}}{2 \, {\left (\sqrt {2} + \sqrt {e^{\left (4 \, x\right )} + 1} - e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} + 1\right )}}\right ) + \log \left (\sqrt {e^{\left (4 \, x\right )} + 1} - e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} + 1\right ) - \log \left (\sqrt {e^{\left (4 \, x\right )} + 1} - e^{\left (2 \, x\right )}\right ) - \log \left (-\sqrt {e^{\left (4 \, x\right )} + 1} + e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} + 1\right )\right )} \mathrm {sgn}\left (e^{\left (2 \, x\right )} - 1\right ) \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate((1+coth(x)^2)^(1/2),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

1/2*sqrt(2)*(sqrt(2)*log(1/2*abs(-2*sqrt(2) + 2*sqrt(e^(4*x) + 1) - 2*e^(2*x) + 2)/(sqrt(2) + sqrt(e^(4*x) + 1
) - e^(2*x) + 1)) + log(sqrt(e^(4*x) + 1) - e^(2*x) + 1) - log(sqrt(e^(4*x) + 1) - e^(2*x)) - log(-sqrt(e^(4*x
) + 1) + e^(2*x) + 1))*sgn(e^(2*x) - 1)

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Mupad [B]
time = 1.34, size = 68, normalized size = 2.19 \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {2}\,\left (\ln \left (\mathrm {coth}\left (x\right )+\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {{\mathrm {coth}\left (x\right )}^2+1}+1\right )-\ln \left (\mathrm {coth}\left (x\right )-1\right )\right )}{2}-\mathrm {asinh}\left (\mathrm {coth}\left (x\right )\right )+\frac {\sqrt {2}\,\left (\ln \left (\mathrm {coth}\left (x\right )+1\right )-\ln \left (\sqrt {2}\,\sqrt {{\mathrm {coth}\left (x\right )}^2+1}-\mathrm {coth}\left (x\right )+1\right )\right )}{2} \end {gather*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int((coth(x)^2 + 1)^(1/2),x)

[Out]

(2^(1/2)*(log(coth(x) + 2^(1/2)*(coth(x)^2 + 1)^(1/2) + 1) - log(coth(x) - 1)))/2 - asinh(coth(x)) + (2^(1/2)*
(log(coth(x) + 1) - log(2^(1/2)*(coth(x)^2 + 1)^(1/2) - coth(x) + 1)))/2

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